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Ansible로 Kubernetes Cluster 구축하기

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By KKamJi
views 17 min read

저번 포스트에서 Ansible의 기본 개념, 사용 방법에 대해 다뤘습니다. 이번 시간에는 Ansible과 Kubeadm을 사용해 Kubernetes 클러스터를 구축하는 과정을 다루겠습니다.

전체 코드 - https://github.com/KKamJi98/Ansible-Kubernetes

WSL => Ubuntu 24.04(LTS), RAM 8GB, 172.28.8.28/20
Master Node => Ubuntu 24.04(LTS), RAM 6GB, 10.0.0.100/24, Kubernetes v1.29
Worker Nodes => Ubuntu 24.04(LTS), RAM 4GB, 10.0.0.200-201/24, Kubernetes v1.29

사전 준비물

Master Node 준비

CPU - 코어 2개 이상
RAM - 2GB 이상
Storage - 8GB 이상 여유
Ansible 호스트 & 인터넷 통신 가능

Worker Nodes 준비

CPU - 코어 1개 이상
RAM - 1GB 이상
Storage - 8GB 이상 여유
Ansible 호스트 & 인터넷 통신 가능

실습 계획

참고자료 - https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/install-kubeadm/

Kubeadm을 사용하여 쿠버네티스 클러스터를 구축하는 과정은 다음과 같습니다.

  1. Master, Worker 스왑 메모리 해제
  2. CRI(Container Runtime Interface) - Containerd 설치
    1. Overlay Network를 위한 iptables 구성
    2. Containerd 설치
    3. systemd cgroup driver 구성
  3. kubeadm, kubelet, kubectl 설치
  4. 클러스터 초기화 [In Master Node]
  5. 네트워크 플러그인 설치(Calico) [In Master Node]
  6. 워커노드 추가 [In Worker Nodes]

Inventory 구성 및 통신 확인

Inventory 구성 

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❯ cat /etc/ansible/hosts
[worker_nodes]
10.0.0.201 # worker01
10.0.0.202 # worker02

[master_nodes]
10.0.0.100 # master01

[nodes]
10.0.0.201
10.0.0.202
10.0.0.100

Inventory 구성 요소 내 통신 확인 

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❯ ansible all -m ping
10.0.0.201 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}
10.0.0.100 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}
10.0.0.202 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}

1. Master, Worker Nodes 스왑 메모리 해제

스왑 메모리는 물리적 메모리(RAM)가 부족할 때 디스크를 임시 메모리로 사용하는 기능입니다. Kubernetes에서는 성능, 안정성 문제 등 여러가지 문제를 방지하기 위해 스왑 메모리를 비활성화 하는 것을 권장합니다. 또한 기본적으로 스왑 메모리가 활성화되어 있으면 kubelet이 동작하지 않도록 되어있습니다. cgroup v2를 사용하면 스왑 메모리를 사용할 수 있지만 해당 기능은 아직 배타기능이며 사용을 추천하지 않습니다.

플레이북 구성 (1-swap-off-playbook.yaml) 

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- name: Disable all nodes swap memory
  hosts: nodes
  become: true
  tasks:
    - name: Gather facts
      ansible.builtin.setup:

    - name: Disable swap
      ansible.builtin.command: swapoff -a
      when: ansible_swaptotal_mb > 0

    - name: Ensure swap is disabled in /etc/fstab
      ansible.builtin.replace:
        path: /etc/fstab
        regexp: '^(.+\s+swap\s+.+)$'
        replace: '# \1'

플레이북 실행 

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❯ ansible-playbook swap-off-playbook.yaml

PLAY [Disable all nodes swap memory] *************************************************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.0.0.202]
ok: [10.0.0.100]
ok: [10.0.0.201]

TASK [Gather facts] ******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.0.0.201]
ok: [10.0.0.202]
ok: [10.0.0.100]

TASK [Disable swap] ******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.201]
changed: [10.0.0.202]
changed: [10.0.0.100]

TASK [Ensure swap is disabled in /etc/fstab] *****************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.100]
changed: [10.0.0.201]
changed: [10.0.0.202]

PLAY RECAP ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
10.0.0.100              : ok=4    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
10.0.0.201              : ok=4    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
10.0.0.202              : ok=4    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

2. CRI(Container Runtime Interface) - Containerd 설치

1. Network 구성

플레이북 구성 (2-install-containerd-playbook.yaml) 

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- name: Install containerd
  hosts: nodes
  become: true
  tasks:
    ## Step 2.1
    - name: Gather facts
      ansible.builtin.setup:

    - name: Load overlay module
      ansible.builtin.shell: modprobe overlay
      register: overlay_result

    - name: Load br_netfilter module
      ansible.builtin.shell: modprobe br_netfilter
      register: br_netfilter_result

    - name: Ensure sysctl params are set for Kubernetes
      ansible.builtin.copy:
        dest: /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
        content: |
          net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables  = 1
          net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
          net.ipv4.ip_forward                 = 1

    - name: Apply sysctl params without reboot
      ansible.builtin.shell: sysctl --system

    - name: Verify br_netfilter module is loaded
      ansible.builtin.shell: lsmod | grep br_netfilter
      register: br_netfilter_check
      failed_when: br_netfilter_check.rc != 0

    - name: Verify overlay module is loaded
      ansible.builtin.shell: lsmod | grep overlay
      register: overlay_check
      failed_when: overlay_check.rc != 0

    - name: Verify sysctl settings
      ansible.builtin.shell: |
        sysctl net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables net.ipv4.ip_forward
      register: sysctl_check
      failed_when:
        - sysctl_check.stdout.find('net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1') == -1
        - sysctl_check.stdout.find('net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1') == -1
        - sysctl_check.stdout.find('net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1') == -1

플레이북 실행 

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❯ ansible-playbook 2-install-containerd-playbook.yaml

PLAY [Install conatinerd] ************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.0.0.202]
ok: [10.0.0.201]
ok: [10.0.0.100]
...
...
...
10.0.0.100              : ok=11   changed=6    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
10.0.0.201              : ok=11   changed=6    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
10.0.0.202              : ok=11   changed=6    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

Containerd 설치

참고자료 - https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/

플레이북 구성 (2-install-containerd-playbook.yaml)에 추가 

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    ## Step 2.2
    - name: Add Docker's official GPG key
      ansible.builtin.shell: |
        sudo apt-get update
        sudo apt-get install -y ca-certificates curl gnupg
        sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
        curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
        sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
    
    - name: Set up the Docker repository
      ansible.builtin.shell: |
        mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
        echo \
          "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
          $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \
          sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
        sudo apt-get update

    - name: Install containerd.io
      ansible.builtin.apt:
        name: containerd.io
        state: present

플레이북 실행

이전 내용은 생략했습니다.

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❯ ansible-playbook 2-install-containerd-playbook.yaml

PLAY [Install conatinerd] ************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.0.0.202]
ok: [10.0.0.100]
ok: [10.0.0.201]
...
...
...
TASK [Add Docker''s official GPG key] *************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.202]
changed: [10.0.0.100]
changed: [10.0.0.201]

TASK [Set up the Docker repository] **************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.100]
changed: [10.0.0.202]
changed: [10.0.0.201]

TASK [Install containerd.io] *********************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.202]
changed: [10.0.0.100]
changed: [10.0.0.201]

PLAY RECAP ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
10.0.0.100              : ok=14   changed=9    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
10.0.0.201              : ok=14   changed=9    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
10.0.0.202              : ok=14   changed=9    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

systemd cgroup driver 구성

플레이북 구성 (2-install-containerd-playbook.yaml)에 추가 

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    ## Step 2.3
    - name: Setup containerd config directory
      ansible.builtin.file:
        path: /etc/containerd
        state: directory
        owner: root
        group: root
        mode: "0755"

    - name: Generate default containerd configuration
      ansible.builtin.command:
        cmd: "containerd config default"
      register: containerd_default_config

    - name: Save default containerd configuration to config.toml
      ansible.builtin.copy:
        dest: /etc/containerd/config.toml
        content: ""

    - name: Update sandbox_image in config.toml
      ansible.builtin.replace:
        path: /etc/containerd/config.toml
        regexp: 'sandbox_image = ".*"'
        replace: 'sandbox_image = "registry.k8s.io/pause:3.9"'

    - name: Update SystemdCgroup in config.toml
      ansible.builtin.replace:
        path: /etc/containerd/config.toml
        regexp: 'SystemdCgroup = false'
        replace: 'SystemdCgroup = true'
        
    - name: Restart containerd
      ansible.builtin.systemd:
        name: containerd
        state: restarted

    - name: Create crictl config file
      copy:
        dest: /etc/crictl.yaml
        content: |
          runtime-endpoint: unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock
        mode: '0644'

    - name: Verify crictl configuration
      command: crictl stats
      register: crictl_stats
      ignore_errors: yes

    - name: Display crictl stats output
      debug:
        var: crictl_stats.stdout_lines
      when: crictl_stats is defined and crictl_stats.stdout_lines is defined

플레이북 실행

이전 내용은 생략했습니다.

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❯ ansible-playbook 2-install-containerd-playbook.yaml

...
...
...
TASK [Setup containerd config directory] ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [worker01]
ok: [master]
ok: [worker02]

TASK [Generate default containerd configuration] ************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [master]
changed: [worker01]
changed: [worker02]

TASK [Save default containerd configuration to config.toml] *************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [worker02]
changed: [master]
changed: [worker01]

TASK [Update sandbox_image in config.toml] ******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [worker01]
changed: [master]
changed: [worker02]

TASK [Update SystemdCgroup in config.toml] ******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [worker01]
changed: [master]
changed: [worker02]

TASK [Restart containerd] ***********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [worker01]
changed: [worker02]
changed: [master]

TASK [Create crictl config file] ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [master]
changed: [worker02]
changed: [worker01]

TASK [Verify crictl configuration] **************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [master]
changed: [worker01]
changed: [worker02]

TASK [Display crictl stats output] **************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [master] => {
    "crictl_stats.stdout_lines": [
        "\u001b[2J\u001b[HCONTAINER           NAME                CPU %               MEM                 DISK                INODES"
    ]
}
ok: [worker01] => {
    "crictl_stats.stdout_lines": [
        "\u001b[2J\u001b[HCONTAINER           NAME                CPU %               MEM                 DISK                INODES"
    ]
}
ok: [worker02] => {
    "crictl_stats.stdout_lines": [
        "\u001b[2J\u001b[HCONTAINER           NAME                CPU %               MEM                 DISK                INODES"
    ]
}

PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
master                     : ok=21   changed=15   unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
worker01                   : ok=21   changed=15   unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
worker02                   : ok=21   changed=15   unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

3. kubeadm, kubelet, kubectl 설치

플레이북 구성 (3-kube-series-playbook.yaml) 

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- name: Install kubeadm, kubectl and kubelet
  hosts: nodes
  become: true
  tasks:
    - name: Gather facts
      ansible.builtin.setup:

    - name: Update apt package index
      ansible.builtin.apt:
        update_cache: yes

    - name: Install packages needed for Kubernetes apt repository
      ansible.builtin.apt:
        name:
          - apt-transport-https
          - ca-certificates
          - curl
          - gpg
        state: present

    - name: Create directory for apt keyrings if it does not exist
      ansible.builtin.file:
        path: /etc/apt/keyrings
        state: directory
        mode: '0755'
        
    - name: Download Kubernetes public signing key
      ansible.builtin.shell: |
        curl -fsSL https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.29/deb/Release.key | gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg

    - name: Add Kubernetes apt repository
      ansible.builtin.shell: |
        echo 'deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg] https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.29/deb/ /' | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list

    - name: Update apt package index again
      ansible.builtin.apt:
        update_cache: yes

    - name: Install kubeadm, kubelet and kubectl
      ansible.builtin.apt:
        name:
          - kubeadm
          - kubelet
          - kubectl
        state: present

    - name: Hold kubelet, kubeadm and kubectl packages
      ansible.builtin.shell: |
        sudo apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl

    - name: Enable and start kubelet service
      ansible.builtin.systemd:
        name: kubelet
        enabled: yes
        state: started

플레이북 실행 

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❯ ansible-playbook 3-kube-series-playbook.yaml

PLAY [Install kubeadm, kubectl and kubelet] **********************************************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.0.0.202]
ok: [10.0.0.201]
ok: [10.0.0.100]

TASK [Gather facts] **********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.0.0.201]
ok: [10.0.0.202]
ok: [10.0.0.100]

TASK [Update apt package index] **********************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.0.0.201]
ok: [10.0.0.202]
ok: [10.0.0.100]

TASK [Install packages needed for Kubernetes apt repository] *****************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.201]
changed: [10.0.0.100]
changed: [10.0.0.202]

TASK [Create directory for apt keyrings if it does not exist] ****************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.0.0.202]
ok: [10.0.0.201]
ok: [10.0.0.100]

TASK [Download Kubernetes public signing key] ********************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.201]
changed: [10.0.0.100]
changed: [10.0.0.202]

TASK [Add Kubernetes apt repository] *****************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.201]
changed: [10.0.0.202]
changed: [10.0.0.100]

TASK [Update apt package index again] ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.201]
changed: [10.0.0.202]
changed: [10.0.0.100]

TASK [Install kubeadm, kubelet and kubectl] **********************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.201]
changed: [10.0.0.100]
changed: [10.0.0.202]

TASK [Hold kubelet, kubeadm and kubectl packages] ****************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.202]
changed: [10.0.0.100]
changed: [10.0.0.201]

PLAY RECAP *******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
10.0.0.100              : ok=10   changed=6    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
10.0.0.201              : ok=10   changed=6    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
10.0.0.202              : ok=10   changed=6    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

4. 클러스터 초기화 (In Master)

플레이북 (4-init-cluster-playbook.yaml)

클러스터 초기화 후 조인 명령어를 홈 디렉토리에 저장하고, 콘솔로도 출력하도록 했습니다.

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- name: Initialize Kubernetes Cluster
  hosts: master_nodes
  become: true
  tasks:
    - name: Initialize the Kubernetes cluster
      command: kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --apiserver-advertise-address=10.0.0.100 --cri-socket=unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock
      register: kubeadm_init_output
      ignore_errors: true

    - name: Create .kube directory
      file:
        path: "/.kube"
        state: directory
        mode: '0755'

    - name: Copy admin.conf to user's kube config
      copy:
        src: /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
        dest: "/.kube/config"
        remote_src: yes
        owner: ""
        mode: '0644'
      when: kubeadm_init_output.changed

    - name: Generate join command
      shell: kubeadm token create --print-join-command
      register: join_command
      when: kubeadm_init_output.changed

    - name: Save join command to file
      copy:
        content: ""
        dest: "/kubeadm_join_cmd.sh"
      when: kubeadm_init_output.changed

    - name: Output join command to console
      debug:
        msg: ""
      when: kubeadm_init_output.changed

플레이북 실행 

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❯ ansible-playbook 4-init-cluster-playbook.yaml

PLAY [Initialize Kubernetes Cluster] ************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [master]

TASK [Initialize the Kubernetes cluster] ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [master]

TASK [Create .kube directory] *******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [master]

TASK [Copy admin.conf to user's kube config] ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [master]

TASK [Generate join command] ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [master]

TASK [Save join command to file] ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [master]

TASK [Output join command to console] ***********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [master] => {
    "msg": "kubeadm join 10.0.0.100:6443 --token 7wrnqt.8r6p42ice03v8cnu --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:f46868449c7d3c1732c19f662d62329afc20228d8682247693b60468ad09302b "
}

PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
master                     : ok=7    changed=4    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

5. 네트워크 플러그인 설치(Calico) (In Master)

플레이북 (5-install-calico-playbook.yaml) 

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- name: Install Calico
  hosts: master_nodes
  become: true
  tasks:
    - name: Download Calico manifest
      get_url:
        url: https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml
        dest: /usr/local/bin/calico.yaml

    - name: Apply Calico manifest
      command: kubectl apply -f /usr/local/bin/calico.yaml
      register: calico_install

플레이북 실행 

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❯ ansible-playbook 5-install-calico.playbook.yaml

PLAY [Install Calico] ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [master]

TASK [Download Calico manifest] *****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [master]

TASK [Apply Calico manifest] ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [master]

PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
master                     : ok=3    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

6. 워커노드 추가 (In Worker)

플레이북 (6-join-worker-nodes-playbook.yaml)

클러스터 초기화 할 때 생성된 조인 명령어를 사용해주셔야 합니다.

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- name: Join Worker Nodes to Kubernetes Cluster
  hosts: worker_nodes
  become: true
  tasks:
    - name: Join the node to the cluster
      command: {join commands - 수정필요}
      register: join_command

플레이북 실행 

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❯ ansible-playbook 6-join-worker-nodes-playbook.yaml

PLAY [Join Worker Nodes to Kubernetes Cluster] **************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [worker02]
ok: [worker01]

TASK [Join the node to the cluster] *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [worker01]
changed: [worker02]

PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
worker01                   : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
worker02                   : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

확인 

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❯ ssh Master
Welcome to Ubuntu 24.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 6.8.0-36-generic x86_64)
...
Last login: Wed Jun 26 06:09:17 2024 from 10.0.0.1

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

❯ kubectl get nodes
NAME       STATUS   ROLES           AGE     VERSION
master     Ready    control-plane   2m41s   v1.29.6
worker01   Ready    <none>          106s    v1.29.6
worker02   Ready    <none>          106s    v1.29.6

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

❯ kubectl get pods -A
NAMESPACE     NAME                                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system   calico-kube-controllers-658d97c59c-7bw5w   1/1     Running   0          2m17s
kube-system   calico-node-dq6xv                          1/1     Running   0          109s
kube-system   calico-node-nnkcr                          1/1     Running   0          109s
kube-system   calico-node-nq4ss                          1/1     Running   0          2m17s
kube-system   coredns-76f75df574-2k4hb                   1/1     Running   0          2m27s
kube-system   coredns-76f75df574-lzl2x                   1/1     Running   0          2m27s
kube-system   etcd-master                                1/1     Running   8          2m41s
kube-system   kube-apiserver-master                      1/1     Running   8          2m43s
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-master             1/1     Running   8          2m41s
kube-system   kube-proxy-2fpsg                           1/1     Running   0          109s
kube-system   kube-proxy-b4kmd                           1/1     Running   0          2m28s
kube-system   kube-proxy-s2bkd                           1/1     Running   0          109s
kube-system   kube-scheduler-master                      1/1     Running   8          2m41s

마무리

CLI 콘솔에서 구축하는 것을 Ansible Code로 옮기면 되는 간단한 작업일 것이라 생각 했습니다. 하지만 잘못된 작업을 했을 때 어떻게 되돌릴 것인지, 설정이 제대로 되었는지 어떻게 확인할 것인지, 특정 파일의 특정 부분을 어떻게 수정할 것인지, Cluster Join에 필요한 토큰을 어떻게 저장하고 사용할 것인지 등 다양한 문제를 직면하게 되었고, 문제의 원인이 무엇인지, 해당 문제를 해결하기 위해서 어떤 방법을 사용해야하는지 찾아보면서 몰랐던 기능과 해당 기능을 사용하는 방법을 습득하면서 Ansible에 대한 이해를 넓힐 수 있었습니다.

궁금하신 점이나 추가해야 할 부분은 댓글이나 아래의 링크를 통해 문의해주세요.
Written with KKam._.Ji

Ansible
ansible kubernetes inventory playbook kubeadm k8s kubelet systemd calico kubectl docker containerd
This post is licensed under CC BY 4.0 by the author.